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The temple is dedicated to the deities Re-Harakhty ,
Amun ,
Ptah
and Ramesses
II himself. Four huge seated colossi
of Ramesses II dominate the massive façade which imitates
the shape of a pylon in its inclination (see Image 1). The
façade is about 30 meters (100 ft) in height and 35
(115 ft) meters in width. The height of a seated colossus
is about 20 meters (66 ft).
Statues of Ramesses' family members are between and around
his legs including his mother, his wife Nefertari and his
son, prince Amenherkhepshef. The royal cartouche
that bears the name of Ramesses is inscribed on the chest
and arms of the colossi. Ramesses is sculptured wearing the
double crown with the uraeus
on his forehand and his hands put on his legs.
Not all the colossi are in a good preserved state. The second
one from the left-hand side is damaged from chest and his
headdress is lying on ground, while the fourth one had lost
its chin and the uraeus figure.
Above the doorway in a recess, is the sculpted statue of the
falcon-headed god Re-Harakhty. On his both sides there are
sunken reliefs showing Ramesses II presenting the small figures
of Maat
to him. The upper edge of the façade is adorned with
baboon figures.
The 7-meter doorway of the temple lead to a small corridor
and to the central hall.
The Central Hall:
The hall is lined with two rows of four statues of Ramesses
in the Osiride-form, dividing the hall in three aisles (See
Image 2, Lithograph 2). The four statues to left-hand side
wear the crown of Upper Egypt, while those on the right-hand
wear the double crown.
The reliefs of this hall are very lavish. In a relief, Ramesses
is shown slaying the Nubian
captives before Amun-Re
and Libyan captives before Re-Harakhty. The northern wall
bears the reliefs of his greatest battle against Kadesh and
the Hittites .
The battle is pictured in its detailed phases including the
relaxing features of soldiers in encampments before heading
the battlefield.
In another reliefs in the back wall (western wall) Ramesses
is shown presenting Nubian captives to Amun-Re, Mut
and to himself as god. He is also shown presenting Hittite
captives to Re-Harakhty and again to the figure of himself.
The Second Hall:
It is supported by 4 square columns. Reliefs here show the
king with his wife, Nefertari, making offerings once before
the sacred barque
of Amun-Re and another time before the sacred barque of Re-Harakhty.
This hall is followed by a small antechamber
then the sanctuary.
The sanctuary:
The sanctuary has 3 chapels with the central one including
the statues of honored deities of the temple: Ptah, Re-Harakhty,
Amun-Re and Ramesses II himself. The sunrays illuminate the
statues twice a year. (See Image 3, Lithograph 3)
Storerooms:
Eight storerooms are connected to the central hall, which
are allocated for the storage of treasures. Walls here show
crude reliefs that are mostly of religious nature.
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