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(4400 - 3000 BC) |
Before the beginning of the famous Pharaonic
dynasties, there had been several civilizations from around 5000 BC.
Traces of these civilizations were discovered in a number of sites:
| Lower
Egypt |
| Fayoum A |
(4400-3900 BC) |
| Merimde |
(4300-3700 BC) |
| El Omari |
(3700-3400 BC) |
| Ma'adi |
(3400-3000 BC) |
| Upper
Egypt |
| Badarian |
(5000-4000 BC) |
| Naqada l, Amratian |
(4000-3500 BC) |
| Naqada II, Gerzean |
(3500-3100 BC) |
| Naqada III, Dynasty 0 |
(3100-3000 BC) |
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Near the end of this period attempts were made to unite Egypt under
one rule. One of these is an attempt undertook by a king called
'Scorpion,' who could have been the last king before the dynasties.
At that time, Egypt was divided territorially into two main parts:
The first is the Upper Egypt kingdom represented by the while crown,
symbolized by the lotus flower and embodied in a cobra. The second
is the Lower Egypt kingdom represented by the red hollow crown, symbolized
by a papyrus
plant and embodied in a vulture.
It is believed that King Narmer is the first to achieve the unification
between Egypt's two main regions marking the start of the Egyptian
dynasties.
Thenceforth, the two crowns merged to form one crown, hence one
kingdom, while their symbols were both accompanying the king to
emphasize his control on all the Egyptian lands.
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